George
joins the 4th C.M.R.
near Vimy, France
27 Feb. 1918
George's 4th C.M.R. pin
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George joined the 4th Canadian Mounted
Rifles (C.M.R.) in the Merricourt sector on the Vimy front, abouth 4 km
south of Lens in northern France. The 4th had been in the War since
1915, yet more than half of the originals had since died in battle. Their
duties at the Front were divided roughly into rotating two-week schedules
of raids and patrols while in the line, and large working parties while
in a supporting role. Units would take turns relieving each other, until
rest was provided behind the lines.
The 4th C.M.R. was a battalion comprised of about a thousand men. Not
counting administrative staff and non-combat personal, it represented 650
fighting men. It was one of three battalions in the 8th Canadian Brigade,
a part of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division in the Canada Corps.
Upon George's arrival, the weather was cold and wet, with spring arriving
later in mid-March. A note from the battalion's chronicler upon returning
to the familiar Merricourt sector read:
"The wide No-Man's-Land still existed, but long grass and weeds blanketed
the devastation of a year ago, the rank vegetation covering the old shell
holes and rusted wire." (19)
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George's Infantry Pin |
It was expected that a new German offensive would take place
on the Canadian front, and George's comrades worked to fortify defenses
for the possible invasion. His squad's duties were to build barbed-wire
impediments to slow advancing troops. The postcard he sent home shows him
and his squad displaying their wares:
George's squad on post card
The note reads,
"The officers gave us a numberof
these so am enlosing them you
got some before, All well, G."
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Neuville St.
Vaast
March 1918 |
Having completed their supporting actions in Merricourt Sector, the
4th headed south-west 8 km to Hill's Camp at Neuville St. Vaast for rest
and baths.
On one evening, while retiring at camp after a day supporting front
line troops, the men watched as German reconnaissance destroyed some observer
balloons:
"The aerial activity was more noticeable and the monotony of the lengthening
evenings was broken by admiring the audacious airmen. One evening at tea-time
in the cramped quarters of the Cubitt Camp, just to the east of Neuville
St. Vaast, a football game was interrupted by the sudden appearance of
a Hun scout-machine dropping from a serene open sky. The "Archies" opened
on him, and the men tried to wing him with their rifles. He dived gracefully
at a captive-balloon buoyed over the camp. A rapid "pop","pop","pop" a
gushing "puff" and the balloon was in flames. He calmly soared and dived
in succession on one at Souchez and another at Ablain St. Nazaire repeating
the feat. He swiftly veered away and was out of sight before the gently-descending
black specks in the parachutes had floated to the ground." (20)
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Battle of Saint-Quentin
21 March 1918
German Offenses March-July 1918
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The German offensive, also called the Second Battle of the Somme, was
not wholly unexpected, but it's execution was a surprise. Morning fog hid
the early advances along the line from Arras to La Fère, south of
George's battalion. Artillery battered the front as large clouds of poison
gas were released, followed by a lighter barrage and assault troops immediately
behind. Their tactics were to advance as quickly as possible, bypassing
machine-gun nests and following lines of least resistance. The southern
front bulged over 40 miles into Allied territory, yet in the north, British
concentration in Arras slowed German progress.
The 4th was defending the line, replacing spent battalions as needed,
and was George's first large-scale battle. By April 4, a second effort
by the Germans at Amiens was held back. French reserves arrived at the
northern British front, and the Germans moved yet further north and on
April 9, attacked between Armentières and the canal of La Bassée. |
Les Brébis
12 April 1918
German Offenses March-July 1918
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Arriving by train on April 12th at Les Brébis, George witnessed
the mass evacuation proclaimed by Clemenceau some days before: the Germans
were coming and all residents were to leave at once.
"Nearly seven thousand people, without the help of their strong men
who were in the fighting-line elsewhere, were carrying bundles of bedding,
dishes, kitchen utensils and garden tools. Women pushed wheelbarrows, children
trundled baby carriages and many old men dragged a heavy two-wheeled cart
sometimes with the aid of a mangy cur." (21)
Germans spilled through Armentières, crossed the River Lys and pressed
toward the Forest of Nieppe and St. Venant.
"This was one of the notably British days in the war. And as in other
crises in former wars on land and sea there came down to the men from the
Commander-In-Chief, concise words, peculiarly British, telling them to
put their backs to the wall." (21)
"Every position must be held to the last man: there must be no retirement.
With our backs to the wall and believing in the justice of our cause, each
one of us must fight on to the end." -- General Haig, British Commander
in France (22)
On April17th, the 4th was ordered to the Front
near Hill 70 . |